What are the stages of tire history?
Since the birth of the world's first pneumatic rubber tire in 1888, automobile tires have been born for more than 131 years! Roughly experienced four stages.
1. In 1888, rubber pneumatic tires.
2. In 1946, steel wire radial tire.
3. In 1990, the tire was radialized, flattened, and tubeless.
4. Today's tires are the development direction of safety, comfort, intelligence and green.
What are the components of tires?
1. Main material (natural rubber NR, synthetic rubber SBR): Natural rubber (NR); Natural rubber is obtained from nature, and the main collection object is Hevea brasiliensis; The main producing countries of NR: Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, India, etc; Types of NR: smoke sheet glue, granular glue (standard glue), special natural glue such as constant viscosity or low viscosity, etc.
2. Reinforcing system (carbon black, white smoke).
Carbon black. The most commonly used black rubber reinforcing agent, its rubber grade is: N100-N900 series, the larger the number, the larger the carbon black particles, the smaller the reinforcing effect, the smaller the specific surface area, and the easier it is to disperse.
White carbon black. The main component is hydrated silica, which is the main reinforcing agent in non-black products due to its good reinforcing effect. White carbon black is divided into precipitation method and gas phase method due to different preparation methods.
3. Frame material (cord yarn, steel wire). As the skeleton material of the tire, the cord yarn steel wire is just like the role played by the steel bar in the reinforced concrete (as shown in the figure below). Their use gives the tire molding, dimensional stability, impact resistance, fatigue resistance and load capacity. Quite big.
4. Vulcanization system (sulfur). Function: Provide sulfur bridge and cause vulcanization reaction
a. The rubber is cross-linked to form a three-dimensional network structure.
What are the classifications of tires?
1. The tires can be divided into radial tires and bias tires in terms of structure. The biggest difference between these two types of tires is the arrangement of the ply material in the middle of the tire. The plies of radial tires are arranged vertically and crossed like a radial, while bias tires are arranged at an angle of about 45°. The difference between the two tires can be seen from the comparison of the above picture. Compared with bias tires, radial tires have the following advantages: Long service life; Small rolling resistance, save fuel; Large carrying capacity; good adhesion performance; Low tire temperature and fast heat dissipation; The tread is not easy to puncture, and it is not easy to burst. Due to the obvious advantages of radial tires, the application of bias tires has been very few. Next, we will mainly introduce radial tires.
2. Radial tires are divided from the material used in the carcass. Tires can be divided into all-steel radial tires and semi-steel radial tires according to different materials used in the carcass.
All-steel tires: tires whose carcass and steel belt layers are all made of steel cords. They are generally divided into heavy, medium, and light truck tires, and are used in trucks and buses.
Semi-steel tire: The material of the carcass layer is one or two layers of fiber plies, and the belt layer is made of steel cords. It is used in light trucks and cars.
3. Radial tires are classified according to whether they use inner tubes.
Radial tires can be divided into tubeless tires and tubeless tires according to whether they use inner tubes. Tubeless tires are what we often call tubeless tires.
Tubeless tires have no inner tubes. They use the inner wall of the tire and the inner liner of the bead to ensure good airtightness between the tire and the rim, thus replacing the role of the traditional inner tube. The outer tube doubles as the inner tube. Compared with tubeless tires, tubeless tires have the following advantages: Slow air leakage, high safety; Good heat dissipation and long life; Reduce weight and fuel consumption; Abrasion resistant, suitable for long-distance high-speed driving;
4. The difference method with or without tube.
The distinction of inch tire specifications: the rim diameter is an integer with a tube; the rim diameter with a decimal point is a tubeless specification. For example, 9.00R20 is a tube specification, and 11R22.5 is a tubeless specification.
Differentiation of metric tire specifications: the rim diameter is an integer with a tube; the rim diameter with a decimal point is a tubeless specification. For example, 335/80R20 has tube specifications, and 315/80R22.5 has tubeless specifications.
Differentiation of tire sidewall identification: TUBELESS on the sidewall is for tubeless specifications; tire sidewall for TUBE is for specifications with tube.
Differentiation of the outer structure of the tire: the contour curve of the spigot is different.
